By Max Ernst. (1891-1976) Circa. 1923-24 Surrealism
In terms of technical skills and rendering ability, Surrealism is perhaps the most complex of all modern art. Ironically, the movement was developed by what remanded of Dada, an art style which was very minimalistic. After World War I, many former Dada arts wanted to express more in their art. The problem was that Dada said that everything could potentially be art depending upon its placement. Where would these artists go now? The answer came from a surprising field; physiology. In physiology, there was a great emphasis on the importance of the mind, of dreams, and of the different fields of reality. The Surrealist movement would go onto expand Dada by saying that if anything could be art; why not dreams and the unconscious world? Could not a dream in the right context be a masterpiece in the same way that Duchamp's urinal was. As a result, artists such as Max Ernst and Salvador Dali began to create works of the mind; of places and objects that didn't really exist anywhere.
While today, the creation of imaginary plane and unreal objects is commonplace in art, up until the surrealists all art was essentially set in the real world and based off of objects that existed. This includes religious paintings and mythological paintings as these works were based off of written text.
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